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The Telangana State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) is a statutory authority entrusted to implement environmental laws and rules within the jurisdiction of the State of Telangana, India.
POLLUTION CONTROL IN TELANGANA
The Telangana State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) is a statutory authority entrusted to implement environmental laws and rules within the jurisdiction of the State of Telangana, India. The Board ensures proper implementation of the statutes, judicial and legislative pronouncements related to environmental protection within the State. As per A.P. Re-organization Act, 2014, APPCB was bifurcated and TSPCB was constituted under Sec.4 of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1974 and Section 5 of Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1981, on 07-07-2014.
The following Environmental Acts and Rules are being implemented by the Board:
1) Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1974
2) Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1981
3) Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act,1977
4) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
5) Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary movement) Rules, 2008
6) Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998
7) Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000
8) Plastic Manufacture, Sale and Usage Rules, 2011
9) Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001
10) The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989
11) E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011
12) The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
Functions of the Board
Under Section 17 of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the functions of a State Board shall be --
(a) to plan a comprehensive programme for the prevention, control or abatement of pollution of streams and wells in the State and to secure the execution thereof;
(b) to advise the State Government on any matter concerning the prevention, control or abatement of water pollution;
(c) to collect and disseminate information relating to water pollution and the prevention, control or abatement thereof;
(d) to encourage, conduct and participate in investigations and research relating to problems of water pollution and prevention, control or abatement of water pollution;
(e) to collaborate with the Central Board in organising the training of persons engaged or to be engaged in programmes relating to prevention, control or abatement of water pollution and to organise mass education programmes relating thereto;
(f) to inspect sewage or trade effluents, works and plants for the treatment or sewage and trade effluents and to review plans, specifications or other data relating to plants set up for the treatment of water, works for the purification thereof and the system for the disposal of sewage or trade effluents or in connection with the grant of any consent as required by this Act;
(g) lay down, modify or annul effluent standards for the sewage and trade effluents and for the quality of receiving waters (not being water in an inter-State stream) resulting from the discharge of effluents and to classify waters of the State;
(h) to evolve economical and reliable methods of treatment of sewage and trade effluents, having regard to the peculiar conditions of soils, climate and water resources of different regions and more especially the prevailing flow characteristics of water in streams and wells which render it impossible to attain even the minimum degree of dilution;
(i) to evolve methods of utilisation of sewage and suitable trade effluents in agriculture;
(j) to evolve efficient methods of disposal of sewage and trade effluents on land, as are necessary on account of the predominant conditions of scant stream flows that do not provide for major part of the year the minimum degree of dilution;
(k) to lay down standards of treatment of sewage and trade effluents to be discharged into any particular stream taking into account the minimum fair weather dilution available in that stream and the tolerance limits of pollution permissible in the water of the stream, after the discharge of such effluents;
(l) to make, vary or revoke any order --
(i) for the prevention, control or abatement of discharge of waste into streams or wells;
(ii) requiring any person concerned to construct new systems for the disposal of sewage and trade effluents or to modify, alter or extend any such existing system or to adopt such remedial measures as are necessary to prevent control or abate water pollution;
(m) to lay down effluent standards to be complied with by persons while causing discharge of sewage or sullage or both and to lay down, modify or annul effluent standards for the sewage and trade effluents;
(n) to advise the State Government with respect to the location of any industry the carrying on of which is likely to pollute a stream or well;
(o) to perform such other functions as may be prescribed or as may, from time to time be entrusted to it by the Central Board or the State Government.
(2) The Board may establish or recognize a laboratory or laboratories to enable the Board to perform its functions under this section efficiently, including the analysis of samples of water from any stream or well or of samples of any sewage or trade effluents.
Under Section 17 of Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
(1) subject to the provisions of this Act, and without prejudice to the performance of its functions, if any, under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (Act 6 of 1974), the functions of a State Board shall be-
(a) to plan a comprehensive programme for the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution and to secure the execution thereof-,
(b) to advise the State Government on any matter concerning the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution;
(c) to collect and disseminate information relating to air pollution;
(d) to collaborate with the Central Board in organising the training of persons engaged or to be engaged in programmes relating to prevention, control or abatement of air pollution and to organise mass-education programme relating thereto;
(e) to inspect, at all reasonable times, any control equipment, industrial plant or manufacturing process and to give, by order, such directions to such persons as it may consider necessary to take steps for the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution;
(f) to inspect air pollution control areas at such intervals as it may think necessary, assess the quality of air therein and take steps for the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution in such areas;
(g) to lay down, in consultation with the Central Board and having regard to the standards for the quality of air laid down by the Central Board, standards for emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere from industrial plants and automobiles or for the discharge of any air pollutant into the atmosphere from any other source whatsoever not being a ship or an aircraft:
Provided that different standards for emission may be laid down under this clause for different industrial plants having regard to the quantity and composition of emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere from such industrial plants;
(h) to advise the State Government with respect to the suitability of any premises or location for carrying on any industry which is likely to cause air pollution;
(i) to Perform such other functions as may be prescribed or as may, from time to time, be entrusted to it by the Central Board or the State Government;
(j) to do such other things and to perform such other acts as it may think necessary for the proper discharge of its functions and generally for the purpose of carrying into effect the purposes of this Act.
(2) A State Board may establish or recognize a laboratory or laboratories to enable the State Board to perform its functions under this section efficiently.
Achievements:
The Telangana State Pollution Control Board has focused predominantly on the improvement of the quality of water, air and effluent & solid waste management in Industries and Hospitals. The Board has initiated several measures for effective control of Environmental pollution in the State.
First Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) of India was commenced at Jeedimetla, Hyderabad (JETL) in 1989 to cater to the needs of the small scale industries. Subsequently, a common CETP was established at IDA, Patancheru (M/s. PETL).
A common effluent treatment plant was established at Nacharam, Industrial estate, Rangareddy District with assistance from Govt. of India and Germany agency for technical cooperation (GTZ) Germany.
The first common Treatment Storage Disposal Facility (TSDF) in India was commenced at Dundigal, Rangareddy District. Common Hazardous Waste incinerator under phase II project of TSDF, Dundigal, R.R.Dist., was commissioned in the month of November 2006 to incinerate hazardous incinerable waste.
Apart from the common hazardous waste incinerator, cement plants are co-processing the hazardous waste in their rotary kilns as per the CPCB guidelines.
There are 1888 number of industries are generating Hazardous Wastes. The quantity of waste received by TSDF, Dundigal for landfilling is 1,13,715.00 TPA (up to June 2014) and quantity of incinerable waste is 3,192.00 TPA (Upto June 2014).
The quantity of Hazardous waste co-processed in 7 No. of. cement plants - 40,956 MTPA.
The first Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility in India was commenced at Hyderabad. There are nine Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment facilities operating in the State for safe disposal of 7.782 TPD of Bio-Medical Waste generated per day. The Health Care Establishments (HCEs) have tied up with the Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facilities. 3451 numbers of health Care Establishments (HCEs) were issued with authorizations by the board.
There are six municipal corporations and 64 municipalities in the State. Total municipal solid waste generation is 6243 TPD. Integrated Municipal Solid Waste processing plant is established for Hyderabad twin cities at Jawaharnagar, Rangareddy District. The capacity of Municipal Solid Waste processing facilities in the state is 4393 TPD.
The total sewage generation is 1350 MLD. At present 17 STPs are in operation and 2 are under constructions. The treatment capacity of existing STPs is 655.3 MLD.
T.S. Pollution Control Board is the designated authority in Telangana State for enforcement of the provisions of the Recycled Plastics (Management & Usage) Rules 1999 and to levy penalties for violation of these rules as per G.O.Ms.No.25, dated 30.3.2001 of the State Government. Usage of recycled plastic carry bags and containers for food stuff as well as plastic carry bags of less than 20 Microns thickness is banned. Littering of public places with plastic carry bags is also prohibited.
In G.O.Ms.No.158, dated 4.4.2006, the state Government constituted District level Task Force Committees headed by the District Collector to enforce the provisions of these rules related to the use, collection, segregation, transportation and disposal of plastic carry bags and containers and also to impose penalties on defaulting vendors, retailers and other establishments.
Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) are established at Head Office located at Parayavaran Bhavan, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad in association with CPCB. The station was commissioned in the month of January 2006. Another Four CAAQMS are established at ZOO Park, Hyderabad Central University (HCU), Panjagutta and Pashamylaram Industrial area with financial assistance from CPCB (13th Finance commission).
The Central Laboratory located at Head Office is refurbished with World Bank Funds. The central laboratory is NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration of Laboratories) accreditated. NABL is valid up to July 2015.
Rolling Task Forces have been operating to inquire into public complaints, inspecting problematic industries / hot spots. Night surveillance is carried out in and around Hyderabad to check illegal dumpings.
TSPCB is conducting various awareness programs to various stakeholders for an understanding of the environmental issues and various methods of environment protection, greenbelt development, plastic waste management and urban solid waste management.
CPCB evolved a Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) to study industrial areas to identify polluted clusters. Based on environmental components such as air and water quality, ecological damage and visual environmental conditions. Bollaram - Patancheru industrial area in Telangana State was identified as Critically Pollution Areas by Central Pollution Control Board in 1990. Patancheru - Bollaram at 6th place out of 8 critically polluted areas with a CEPI score of 76.05. Monitoring Committee was constituted by the Board to monitor and review the status of pollution by the industries. The action plan was prepared for implementation of various mitigation measures for further reduction of pollution load and for the effective treatment and disposal of the effluents and solid wastes by the industries. Major bulk drug industries have implemented Zero Liquid discharge system (ZLD System) for the treatment of wastewater and reuse of treated waste water for boiler and cooler tower makeup purposes.
G. Rajendera Kumar
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