Human development in Bangaru Telangana

Projections of HDI and its Components for 2015-16

The value of the human development index at the state level grew at the rate of 8.3 percent per annum between 2004-05 and 2011-12 (Table 3). Nizamabad and Khammam achieved the highest growth rate of 12 percent during this period. Adilabad, Mahbubnagar, Medak and Ranga Reddy achieved a growth rate of 9 to 11 percent. The growth rate was below the state average in Hyderabad, Karimnagar and Warangal as their base year HDI is higher for these districts compared to other districts.

Table 3: Projected HDI and its Rankings across Districts of Telangana State

District	Growth of HDI: 2004-2011	HDI 2015-16 (Projected)	Rank in 2015-16
Adilabad	10.8	0.700	4
Hyderabad	3.0	0.853	1
Karimnagar	7.0	0.654	7
Khammam	11.6	0.728	3
Mahbubnagar	10.3	0.632	9
Medak	10.1	0.606	10
Nalgonda	8.0	0.646	8
Nizamabad	12.3	0.665	6
Ranga Reddy	9.4	0.808	2
Warangal	7.1	0.673	5
Telangana	8.3	0.663	--

Further, the values of each component of HDI have been projected for 2015-16 basing on these projections and HDI is estimated. Ranks have been allotted to districts on the basis of these projected HDI values. Hyderabad and Ranga Reddy retained their positions as the first and second highest districts in the state. Medak and Mahbubnagar remained as the bottom two districts. There were changes in rankings at the middle level. Khammam, Adilabad and Nizamabad improved their positions while the ranks of Warangal, Karimnagar and Nalgonda slipped. Thus, the top five districts in 2015-16 would be Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy, Khammam, Adilabad and Warangal districts. This is despite of the fact that Khammam, Adilabad and Warangal consist of high percentage of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population. Besides this Adilabad and Warangal are highly urbanized with 28 percent of population live in urban areas. Urbanisation may be a lead factor for achieving a high value of HDI.

The projected values for each component are given in Table 4. Hyderabad and Ranga Reddy fall in the top three districts for all the three components. Adilabad in case of standard of living index, Karimnagar in health index and Khammam in education index fall in the bracket of top 3 districts.

Table 4: Projected Indices of Components of HDI and Rankings across Districts of Telangana State

District	Growth of MPCE: 2004-2011	MPCE 2015-16	Rank in 2015-16	Growth of Health: 2004-2011	Health 2015-16	Rank in 2015-16	Growth of Education: 2004-2011	Education 2015-16	Rank in 2015-16
Adilabad	119.9	0.711	3	75.9	0.784	6	39.8	0.616	5
Hyderabad	35.1	0.772	2	18.9	0.980	1	10.6	0.820	1
Karimnagar	31.7	0.486	10	72.7	0.935	2	44.6	0.616	5
Khammam	119.7	0.682	4	72.0	0.814	5	57.5	0.696	2
Mahbubnagar	88.8	0.657	5	81.8	0.704	9	47.6	0.546	10
Medak	108.7	0.550	9	50.0	0.703	10	59.2	0.575	7
Nalgonda	95.6	0.657	5	46.0	0.717	8	33.3	0.570	8
Nizamabad	172.5	0.633	7	52.7	0.723	7	54.3	0.641	4
Ranga Reddy	106.3	0.837	1	45.1	0.907	3	52.9	0.696	2
Warangal	65.5	0.627	8	63.0	0.879	4	24.9	0.553	9
Telangana	84.5	0.592		52.9	0.807		40.6	0.610

Public Expenditure and Human Development

Public expenditure in the social sector is one of the determinants of the performance of the social sector. The real per capita social sector expenditure (2010-13) and HDI values for nine (Hyderabad is excluded) districts are plotted in Figure 13. The Figure shows a weak relationship between HDI and per capita social sector expenditure. Warangal and Khammam districts have shown higher HDI values and higher per capita social sector expenditures as compared to the other districts. While Ranga Reddy district stands least in terms of per capita social capital expenditure but has higher HDI than the other districts. This could be because of some other factors influencing HDI apart from public sector expenditure like infrastructure, private sector expenditure. This may influence the efficiency of public spending.