Health Sector in Bangaru Telangana

​HEALTH SECTOR

Good health is the fundamental aspect of human development. Progress in health is dependent on economic, social and environmental progress and a vice-versa situation. One of the 17 goals of SDG, is specifically devoted to health saying “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages“.

Public policies pertaining to all sectors can have a profound impact on the health sector. Hence, it is important to initiate health factor in all policies, in order to improve population health and health equity among all.

Heath Status in the State:

Telangana, a newly formed State in the country albeit made significant improvement on the health front, has severe shortcomings on malnutrition, public health infrastructure in the State.

One of the parameters for economic development is a decline in birth rate as well as death rates in an economy. As shown in fig1: in Telangana State Crude Birth Rate (CBR) was 17.4 in 2013. CBR has been consistently falling over a period of four years. It is the same for the death rate as well.

In Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) state average was 92, which was lower to the all India average of ( 167) and also MDG (109). MMR in 9 out of 10 districts was below 109 as on 2011-13. MMR was lowest in Hyderabad with 71 and highest in Adilabad with 152. Telangana becomes the fourth best state in the country with the lowest MMR after Kerala (66), Tamil Nadu (90) and Maharashtra (87).

Recent data (Fig 3) on maternal deaths indicate that there will be a significant decline in MMR in the state by 2015. It has been reported that over a period of three years maternal deaths have fallen from 380 (2013-14) to 363 (2014-15) to 230 (2015-16).

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

As per State Estimates - based on Census 2011 (see table H1) Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), the state average was 39, which was lower than the all India average of 40. It is important to note that, in 6 out of 9 districts, IMR was above the all India average. MDG by 2015 indicates that IMR should be 27. IMR was lowest in Hyderabad, with 20 and highest in Mahabubnagar with 53.

New Initiatives by the State government to bring down the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

 Mother and Child Health Cards are developed for every registered pregnant women & child at all government and private health facilities. 7, 50,000 MCH-R cards distributed to all districts to cover all pregnant women and children.
 Web portal for tracking mothers and children (MCTS) was developed and 4, 61,543 mothers out of expected 537450 (86%) and 3, 89,780 children out of expected 488591 (83%) are registered till the end of December 2015.
 19 Special New Born Care Units (SNCUs), 61 Newborn Stabilization Units (NBSUs) and 581 New Born Care Corners (NBCCs) are established in the State. 9 more SNCU'S will be operational within a short period of time to further strengthen the neonatal care services.

Achievements in bringing down MMR and IMR

• Arogya Lakshmi programme launched in the entire state providing one full meal to pregnant and lactating women.
• 6,33,448 children were covered under Pre-School Education.
• Health Checkups were provided to 7,44,264 children below 6 years, Pregnant, and Lactating Mothers.
• The IMR has reduced from 63 (per 1000 live birth) (SRS-1997) to 39 (SRS-2013) as against the all India decline from 71 (SRS -1997) to 40 (SRS-2013).
• The performance of the State in reducing MMR has been better. The MMR declined from 220 (per 1 Lakh live births) (SRS-1997) to 92 (MMR Bulletin) mainly as a result of an increase in institutional deliveries.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Telangana state average was 1.8 which is significantly lower to the all India average of 2.3. TFR in all the districts was lower than the all India average. Overall a declining trend is recorded across the districts, explaining the declining growth rate of population.

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR)

In Telangana State contraceptive prevalence among currently married women of age 15-49 years was 62 percent (see fig 4), which is in tune with global phenomena and much higher than the all-India average of 40.4.

The prevalence of contraceptive use among women aged 15–49 years who were married or in a consensual union increased globally from 55% in 1990 to 64% in 2012 World Health Statistics-2015

As per NFHS-IV Adult Sex Ratio 1008

Adult Sex Ratio and Child Sex Ratio

Adult Sex Ratio (ASR)& Child Sex Ratio (CSR)
ASR in the state was 988 (see fig as against the all India average of 940, is a very good indicator for the gender balance in the state. It is interesting to note that, in 4 out of 10 districts female population is more than the male population.

G.Rajendera Kumar