Economic Growth in Bangaru Telangana 

The growth rates of the Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) and broad sectors for the districts of Telangana state is given in the following table. Medak, Ranga Reddy and Hyderabad attained a higher growth of GDDP than that of the state during 2004-2011. Except Medak the other two districts have shown higher level of HDI values with 2nd and 1st ranks respectively. Despite the achievement of the highest growth in GDDP, Medak was ranked the lowest in human development in 2011-12. This may be because the higher growth in Medak may not have resulted in improvements in household consumption.

The growth of GDDP in Karimnagar district was slightly lower than that of state, but achieved a higher level of HDI (with a rank of 3) in 2011-12. Mahbubnagar, Khammam, Warangal and Adilabad achieved growth rates of GDDP ranging between 8 to 10 percent, lower than that of the state. These districts (except Mahbubnagar) achieved a middle level of human development. Thus, economic growth has weak linkages with the level of human development across the districts of Telangana State. But economic growth in terms of growth in MPCE has strong linkages with the level of human development. Growth of GDDP and growth in MPCE are not strongly correlated.

Table: Average Annual Growth Rate of GDDP and Sectors across the Districts of Telangana: 2004-05 to 2011-12

District	GDDP	Agriculture	Industry	Services
Adilabad	8.0	4.7	7.9	9.9
Hyderabad	13.0	NA	12.2	13.7
Karimnagar	11.0	18.1	8.1	11.9
Khammam	8.4	4.3	8.3	10.6
Mahbubnagar	9.7	11.9	6.7	10.9
Medak	16.8	15.1	20.3	15.6
Nalgonda	11.6	7.5	13.4	13.5
Nizamabad	11.2	15.9	8.0	11.4
Ranga Reddy	16.3	6.1	17.0	17.9
Warangal	8.2	4.8	7.4	10.4
Telangana	12.0	8.6	12.0	13.2

Note: (i) NA: Not applicable since the share of agriculture in GDDP is not even one percent for this district, (ii) Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Telangana

Outlook

HDI and its components have improved over a period of time across all the districts. The analysis reflects declining inequalities and exhibits convergence of HDI across the districts. Economic growth has weak linkages with the level of human development. Districts with a high rate of economic growth have shown low value of HDI. Economic growth in those districts has not benefited the local population and thus not resulted in improving their living standards. However, growth in MPCE has strong linkages with the level of human development. It is also evident that the level of public expenditure and its efficient utilization along with other factors influences the human development.

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

The prime objective of any welfare State is to improve social infrastructure for sustainable and improved standard of living of the people. Social infrastructure comprises education, health, nutrition, sanitation and water supply etc. Once the process of social development is institutionalized, it provides sustenance to the overall process of economic development.

Education is a fundamental right, which underlines the goal of achieving “Education for All”. Over the years, efforts have been made at the State and national level to achieve this goal. As per Article 45 of the Constitution of India, universalisation of elementary education is a Directive Principle of State Policy that mandates provision of free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14 years. As per Article, 21A and 93rd Constitutional Amendments 2009, Education has become a fundamental right. This article spells out the responsibility of the State for providing free and compulsory education to all children from the age of 6 to 14 years.

Literacy Rate in Telangana vis-a-vis All-India

As per the 2011 census, Telangana State has a Literacy rate of 66.54 percent, as against all-India literacy rate of 72.98 percent. Hyderabad has highest literacy rate of 83.25 percent, whereas Mahabubnagar with lowest literacy rate of 55.04 percent.

Urban-Rural Gap:

Rural literacy rate was 57.30 percent and urban literacy rate was 81.09 percent. The gap in the literacy rates between urban and rural was 23.79 percent in the State, whereas at all India level the literacy gap between Urban and Rural was 16.34 percent.

Male-Female Literacy Gap:

Male literacy rate in the State was 75.04 and female literacy rate was 57.99. The Male- Female literacy gap rate was 17.05 which was higher than the All India Male - Female literacy gap rate of 16.25.

Category-wise Literacy Rate:

Literacy rates were lower among SC and ST communities as compared with that of other communities. While overall literacy rate was 66.54, corresponding rates among SC and ST communities were 58.9 and 49.5, respectively.

The Government is committed to achieve total enrolment by 2017, in this direction several schemes have been initiated for bringing about both quantitative and qualitative improvements in this sector.

By G.Rajendera Kumar