India gradually moving to gas-based economy

New Delhi : India plans to shift to a gas-based economy by boosting domestic production and buying cheap liquefied natural gas (LNG) as the world's third-biggest oil importer seeks to curb its greenhouse emissions. New Delhi has promised to shave a third off its emissions rate by 2030, partly by boosting the use of cleaner burning fuels. "Gradually we are shifting towards a sustainable gas economy," Oil Minister Dharmendra Pradhan told Reuters in an interview.

Gas accounts for about 8 per cent of India's energy mix, while oil accounts for more than a quarter. India's gas supply deficit is expected to widen from 78 million cubic metres a day (mscmd) this fiscal year to 117 mscmd in 2021-22, according to a government estimate. India recently negotiated better terms for a long-term LNG deal with Qatar and importer Petronet LNG is in talks with Exxon to renegotiate pricing for gas from Australia's Gorgon project.

"The price should be affordable to us. We respect long-term contracts but everybody has to appreciate the changing scenario," said Pradhan. "In a bigger canvas ... India has the potential of a huge market base". Pradhan last month visited Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Iran to deepen ties with its main oil suppliers. "We want to move beyond a buyer-seller relationship," he said, adding that India was offering them stakes in its pipelines, petrochemical complexes and refineries.

India is also in talks with Abu Dhabi National Oil Co and Saudi Aramco to lease strategic oil storage. Pradhan said Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Iran later this month would "certainly" deliver concrete results. Iran has set aside its Farzad B gas field for development by Indian firms, a move that could result in the building of an LNG plant as India consumes or markets its production share. Over two years, Asian LNG prices have slumped by three quarters to $4.65 per million British thermal units (mmBtu). Pradhan expects hefty LNG investments worldwide to ensure affordable long-term prices, a trend that "will suit India as a consuming country."

India is building import terminals on its eastern and western coasts and pipelines to boost industrial use of gas. In the fiscal year to March, India's gas production declined by about 4.2 per cent, while imports rose around 15 per cent. India recently offered better gas pricing to boost domestic output, but its most recent investment in an LNG terminal in Kerala has been underutilised since it lacks pipelines to connect to demand centres after farmer opposition caused land acquisition problems.

By Nidhi Verma & Douglas Busvine