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Total fertility rate
Chief Ministers and Finance Ministers of six states and union territories ruled by non-NDA governments have urged the President to revise the terms of reference (ToR) set by the Central government to the 15th Finance Commission. The 14th Finance Commission’s
Chief Ministers and Finance Ministers of six states and union territories ruled by non-NDA governments have urged the President to revise the terms of reference (ToR) set by the Central government to the 15th Finance Commission. The 14th Finance Commission’s move to put a 10 percent weightage on population while splitting tax revenue and the current commission’s steps to increase this weightage, rewards states with high fertility rates and poor family planning programmes, Andhra Pradesh Finance Minister Y Ramakrishnudu said.
Total Fertility Rate may be defined as average number of children that would be born to a woman if she experiences the current fertility pattern throughout her reproductive span (15-49 years). The total fertility rate is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the birth rate, since it refers to births per woman. This indicator shows the potential for population change in a country. A TFR of about 2.1 children per woman is called replacement-level fertility, which means a population that is stable, neither rising nor falling.
This value represents the average number of children a woman would need to have to reproduce herself by bearing a daughter who survives to childbearing age. If replacement level fertility is sustained over a sufficiently long period, each generation will exactly replace itself without any need for the country to balance the population by international migration. Total fertility rate declined in India from 2.7 in 2005-06 (NFHS-3) to 2.2 in 2015-16 (NFHS-4). Total fertility rate in rural areas was 2.4 in 2015-16 (NFHS-4) and 1.8 in urban areas.
Bihar has highest Total fertility rate (3.4) during 2015-16 (NFHS-4) where Sikkim has lowest Total fertility rate (1.2) during 2015-16 (NFHS-4) in comparison to other states. Ten States/UTs viz. Bihar, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh, Nagaland, Jharkhand, Manipur, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram had above the national value of 2.2 during 2015-16 (NFHS-4). The fertility rate for Hindus has fallen from 2.8 in 2004-05 to 2.1 (which is the replacement rate), and that for Muslims has fallen from 3.4 to 2.6. Jains have the lowest TFR (1.2). TFR for the richest quintile is 1.5 and it is the highest for the poorest at 3.2.
