Naga pact: PM leads the way

A nationalist, Modi's readiness to solve the Naga issue does not call for any doubt. His larger vision of India as an emerging leader in South Asia vis-a-vis northeast India cannot be missed. And it is hoped that all this was done in an attempt to make progress and development which the northeast region desperately needs

Many would argue there is nothing "new" or "historic" in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's August 3 announcement of the "Naga Peace Accord". Indeed there is none. The only available media statement said details of the accord framework and its execution will be released in the days to come.

But there is something very unique – Modi's way of doing things. His strategy, execution and, most of all, his ability to read people's minds and effectively using the media (particularly TV) to his full advantage.

He effortlessly manages to soothe the ego of the leaders of the NSCN-IM to (almost) perfection - the photo-op, the protocol. With the whole country glued onto the screen, it was perfect. The Naga traditional shawl, which Modi consciously did not remove all through the public show, was a value addition.

The grey dot in the show, though, would be the pretentious smile of Th. Muivah, general secretary of the NSCN-IM, and a stammering on pronouncing "Narendra Modi.” And of course, the absence of the outfit's chairman Isaac Swu, who is undergoing treatment due to illness.

Modi delivered a diplomatic and impressive speech. There were pointers in between the lines. He touched upon issues that were core to the hearts and minds of the Nagas -- their way of life. He talked of the larger picture of socio-economic development of northeast India and beyond which made his speech acceptable to all, particularly the non-Nagas and the general Indian public.

Perhaps due to the long drawn exhaustive "peace process" between the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (IM faction) and the Indian government, that has more or less led to fatigue, the August 3 announcement didn't or rather could not stir much ripples, unlike other occasion when the peace talk reaches a certain point, such as in 2001, when Manipur literally burned.

In fact, much as the Naga peace talk had been complex and complicated (the process is more than 15 years old now, and doesn't seem to be over as yet); it would be too early to comment. From the official speech of Muivah who is the NSCN-IM signatory to the "framework agreement", it is clear that he is not yet done, an indication that the NSCN-IM shouldn't be written off so soon.

Not directly facing the camera, Muivah repeated a very similar sentence that has been used since past years that an honourable peaceful political solution is yet to be worked out. An attempt to convey a message that "this is not the end.” Certainly there would be negotiations and compromise on various "points" as in many other peace agreements across the world. All said and done, peace is not given or taken. It is not something that can be achieved by signing a document.

It comes from the genuine desire of the people, the key stakeholder, the civil society and the government. As many had mentioned and re-called the 1986 Mizo Peace accord - in an attempt to draw parallels and comparisons, it is important to also remember that it was not the accord per se that brought peace to Mizoram, but the aftermath of the signing of the accord, wherein the people, the collective leadership, the civil bodies and government practiced "peace" in spirit and deed.

As far as the August 3 "historic" announcement of the Naga accord is concerned, there is no doubt some progress had been made. The secrecy could be yet another tactic and strategy by Prime Minister Modi, who is reportedly monitoring the process since taking power. A nationalist, Modi's readiness to solve the issue does not call for any doubt.

His larger vision of India as an emerging leader in South Asia vis-a-vis northeast India cannot be missed. And it is hoped that all this was done in an attempt to make progress and development which the northeast region desperately needs. Modi's understanding of the general picture of northeast India at large and the Naga psyche is visibly noteworthy.

Nevertheless, for better or for worse, his tactics and handling of the Naga conflict and the northeast region will be tested in days to come. As of now, the Naga accord is an open-ended matter. We can only hope for better days, not only for the Nagas but for all the people in the northeast who are direct or indirect stakeholders of the peace process.

Former Nagaland Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio observes that even though the historic Naga accord was signed between the Indian government and the NSCN-IM, both sides were yet to take a decision on demands like the right to retain weapons in areas of the northeast where the insurgent group has its presence.

The 64-year-old leader of the Naga People's Front (NPF), who gave up his chief ministership to become the lone Lok Sabha member from Nagaland, also said the government and the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (Isak-Muivah) have decided on a time-frame under which they expect to decide on all the demands.

Refuting media reports that the government did not accept the NSCN-IM's demand to redraw the state's border to incorporate Naga-inhabited areas of Assam, Manipur and Arunachal, he said: "The demand for Greater Nagaland is the main demand of the NSCN -- irrespective of which faction it is. The question of dropping that demand does not arise as this is what the conflict is all about."

Asked what if the other factions of NSCN do not give a positive response to the peace accord that was signed on Monday, Rio said: "The Naga Peace Accord is based on the basis of principles of the NSCN which is the same. There is still room for discussion with other factions and the government will surely talk with the other factions also. They will be brought to the negotiation table."

Apart from the NSCN-IM, there are three other major factions involved in the insurgency in the state. These are NSCN-K, NSCN-U and NSCN-KZ -- and experts aver that they are unlikely to accept the newly-signed peace accord. Rio said Prime Minister Narendra Modi called him on Monday evening and spoke to him about how to solve problems related to Nagaland further.

Refuting rumours about Isak Chisi Swu not being consulted on the final agreement of the Naga Accord due to his deteriorating health, he said: "Swu was informed about each and every minute development related to the issue and even general secretary T. Muivah had spoken to him prior to the ceremony at Prime Minister Narendra Modi's residence."

NSCN-IM chairman Swu was admitted to a Delhi-based hospital on July 5 after he suffered renal failure. The 85-year-old leader underwent surgery on July 14 and is said to be recovering.

By Ninglun Hanghal